A Trip to the Heart of Peru: Discover the Colca Canyon!

If I asked you to picture an incredible canyon, the first image that would come into your mind would probably be Arizona’s Grand Canyon. It’s known worldwide for its majesty and vastness. What if I told you that Peru has not just one but two canyons which are over twice as deep as the Grand Canyon? Pretty amazing, right? But wait, that’s not all! These two canyons are also the deepest of the Americas, and between the top 5 deepest canyons of the world!

Canyons in Peru

Cotahuasi Canyon is ranked number one in Peru, with approximately 3,354 m depth (11,004 ft). The Colca Canyon takes second place for its depth (approx. 3,279 m/ 10,758 ft) but does not envy its big brother. Formed by a massive geological fault between the two enormous volcanoes of Coropuna (6,425 m / 21,079 ft) and Ampato (6,318 m/ 20,728 ft), the Colca Canyon and its Valley constitute one of Peru’s most dramatic and spectacular natural landscapes, a real paradise to nature lovers and culture enthusiasts. What makes the canyon so special is not just its depth and vastness, but also its incredible scenery’s change along its 100 km (62 mi) passage. Its emblematic attractions include massive volcanoes, giant condors, gorgeous trekking routes, lamas and vicuñas, and unshakeable Spanish, Inca, and Pre-Inca traditions little altered since the conquistadors arrived in the 16th century.  Another point in its favor is that the region is still little visited compared to the other main destinations in Peru, like Cusco and Machu Picchu. #FunFact: The Colca Canyon is more accessible than the Cotahuasi Canyon. It’s incredible size and natural splendor will easily be one of the best memories you will take back home from your trip to Peru! It definitely was for me.

Map Featuring Many of the Peru Areas in this Post:

The Colca Canyon Valley is located about 160 km (100 mi) northwest of Arequipa. Arequipa is the best city to access the canyon. Therefore, most Colca Canyon Peru Tours begin in Arequipa. Before your Colca tour, I highly suggest dedicating some time to explore this charming white city, which glows with colonial buildings and beautiful baroque churches.

Peru’s Colca Canyon Tours:

All Colca Canyon Tours incorporate an early morning start. I can say from personal experience that it may hurt at first, but you won’t regret the early rise! Keep your eyes wide open and prepare to enjoy a fascinating adventure in the deepest heart of Peru!

Experience the Volcanoes and the Natural Reserve

Start your journey with a spectacular 154 km (96 mi) drive from Arequipa to Chivay, the main village of Colca Canyon. Sight the El Misti (5,822 m/ 19,101 ft), Chachani (6,075 m/ 19,931 ft), and Pichu Pichu (5,665 m/18,585 ft) Volcanoes as you head to the Salinas and Aguada Blanca National Reserve. The reserve hosts beautiful lagoons and wetlands and is the habitat of an assortment of birds including flamingos and crested ducks. It is also inhabited by vicuñas, alpacas, llamas, and guanacos. Here, the first stop will be at the Pampa Canahaus part of the reserve, where you can spot vicuñas grazing undisturbed in the area. This point is around 3,400 m (11,154 ft) above sea level.

Prepare to Acclimatize

To acclimatize to the high altitude, enjoy a short break at a rustic restaurant and quench your thirst on a local ‘mate de coca’. This is an herbal tea infusion which originates in the Andes and has beneficial effects against altitude sickness. Altitude sickness remedies vary across the board. It is best to speak to your doctor regarding your options.

Visit the Pata Pampa Pass

Next, visit the Pata Pampa Pass. Located at the far edge of the Reserva Nacional Salinas y Aguada Blanca, this is the highest point between Arequipa and Chivay (4,910 m/ 16,108 ft). Here, feel the presence of sharp mountain peaks and massive volcanoes of Ampato, Sabancaya, Hualca-Hualca, Mismi, and the Chila Mountain Chain. Taste the rarefied air of the pass and appreciate the intriguing rock formations to be seen under the gaze of the Volcanoes. #FunFact: Did you know according to National Geographic, the Mismi Nevado, a snow-capped peak located north of Colca which belongs to the Chila mountain range, is the official source of the Amazon River!?

Marvel at Agricultural Terraces

Once you leave Patopampa Pass, you drop sharply into Chivay. Just before arriving in the village, you will be able to admire the spectacular multicolor terraces of the Colca Valley. These are manmade terraced fields stacked up like gigantic staircases on the steep canyon slopes. Many of the terraces date back to Inca times and have been in continuous use for over 1,000 years to grow crops such as potatoes, barley, beans, and quinoa. Quite impressive! #FunFact: Did you know the name Colca refers to storage spaces which abound in the canyon’s cliffs, and are ideal for preserving the crops through the winter. Some of them also did duty as tombs for important people. Have a traditional lunch at the traditional Coporaque Village, and enjoy a nice stroll in the little town before the engine restarts.

Enjoy Downtime at the Hot Springs

Upon arrival in Chivay, after a whole day of exploration and traveling, many travelers decide to end the day indulging in the nearby natural hot springs. Located 3km from town, the Caldera Hot Springs is a great place to acclimatize. The setting is idyllic and you can observe the canyon’s slopes while lying in the naturally heated pools in the open air. Meanwhile, you may be able to see enthusiastic zip-liners sailing overhead!

Watch for Condors

The canyon is home to the Andean Condor (Vultur gryphus), a species that has been the focus of worldwide conservation efforts. The best point to appreciate the flight of these magnificent birds is the Cruz del Condor viewpoint, located at 1,200 m (3,940 ft) below the rim of the canyon. This is the superstar highlight of the Colca Canyon! From this point, on a clear day, there are chances of observing huge Andean condors gliding majestically above the steep canyon walls with their massive wings spread. Definitely an unmissable natural show for any nature and photography lovers! Condors are more active between 8 am and 10 am, so get ready to rise early in order to make it to the performance!   Adventurous travelers can take an optional 1-hour hike down the canyon, and examine its fascinating rock formations and the Canyon’s unique vegetation in detail. In the depths of the canyon vegetation can be almost tropical, with palm trees, ferns and even orchids in some isolated areas. Cacti line the road to the canyon, decorating the sparse vegetation with beautiful white, red and yellow flowers. Omnipresent in the Andes is the purple-blue lupines, which I fell in love with!

Visit Traditional Villages

Tours to the Colca Canyon can have some variation between each other; yet all of them will eventually pass through villages that have hardly changed in 500 years. Their churches still stand, despite being battered by earthquakes. People ride mules and tend farms, women still dress in their traditional voluminous Andean skirts and colorful hats, and excited kids call hello from the side of the road. Chances of meeting cute baby llamas are also very high – and I admit I found it very hard to resist their charm! After the iconic stop at the Cruz del Condor, you will very likely be making a stop at the traditional town of Pinchollo and the Antahuilque viewpoint, where you can enjoy the 1,500-year-old terraces built by the Collaguas, a culture that inhabited the area way before the Inca conquest. Then, visit Choquetico and see its carved stone model of terraces and mountains. Continue the tour with a cultural experience at Maca, an Andean community that experienced a powerful earthquake in 1991. Finish with a visit to the town of Yanque and its grandiose baroque Inmaculada Concepción Church, known for being the most beautiful church in the whole valley. #FunFact: Did you know in Yanque each morning couples in traditional dress dance the watiti (a love dance of the native Quechua people who live in the Peruvian Andes) in the main square in front of the Inmaculada Concepción Church.

Finish at Cabanaconde

Finally, 35 km (22 mi) west of Yanque, and 12 km (7 mi) from the Cruz del Cóndor, you will find Cabanaconde. This is a smaller version of Chivay, only receiving one-fifth of the tourist traffic. The village sits at the edge of one of the deepest parts of the canyon and offers a magical view over it. The Colca spreads out in its great vastness, creating a dramatic fissure in the landscape. The colors of the canyon’s walls shift from grey to green to red to orange, all under a pale blue sky. Don’t forget to visit the local markets, selling esoteric agricultural and artisanal specialties, including embroidery and alpaca wool products. By strolling around these cute little villages, I was often thrown back to authentic scenes of countryside lifestyle, which I found extremely fascinating and inspiring, together with the intriguing stories of the indigenous communities who populate the valley. #FunFact: Did you know the indigenous communities of the Colca Canyon are descendants of two distinct pre-Inca ethnic groups: the Aymara-speaking Collaguas and the Quechua-speaking Cabanas. Traditionally, these groups distinguished themselves by performing different cranial deformations on their kids’ head. The Collaguas elongated them and the Cabanas flattened them. Both efforts tried to emulate the shape of their respective principal Apu (mountain god). Currently, this practice is no longer in use, and their ancestry is denoted by the shape of their traditional hats rather than their heads. Women’s hats are usually woven from straw and embellished with lace, sequins, and medallions for the Collaguas, located in the Chivay and Est area of the Canyon. The Cabanas, living at the west end of the Canyon, use hats with rounded tops, made of painstakingly embroidered cotton, instead. Despite population movement in the canyon is more fluid these days, you can still get a good idea of where you are by looking at the hat shapes. Both traditions include cultivating the pre-Inca stepped terraces. Towards the end of your tour, you will have the option to return to Chivay and transfer back to Arequipa or continue your way to Puno. If you have already visited Arequipa, this could be a good opportunity to explore Lake Titicaca and learn about another fascinating Peruvian subculture and unique lifestyle, which can be observed only in Puno and the lake area.

Alternative Programs for Trekkers

The Colca Canyon is known for its amazing trekking opportunities. The most adventurous travelers come here to quench their thirst for adventure. There is plenty of hiking available for all types of trekkers! Cabanaconde is one of the main trekking start points since it sits on the canyon’s rim. From there it is possible to descend, via a precipitous zigzagging path, to the deepest side of the canyon, reaching an oasis of fruit trees and idyllic retreat spots only reachable by foot or mule. Natural swimming pools and basic accommodation is found here, should you not be ready to climb the steep way back up on the same day. #FunFact: The hike is not easy due to the steep terrain and thin air, but the scenic rewards are worth it! Other interesting spots to be visited in the area are Uyo Uyo Ruins, reachable via a gorgeous and moderate trek and Madrigal Chimpa Fortress and lookout point.

When Should I Visit the Colca Canyon?

Are you ready to visit the Colca Canyon in Peru? In line with the typical weather in the Andes, the Colca Canyon is subject to a rainy season from December to March. The area is best visited from April to November when the climate is hot and sunny almost every day. Keep in mind that shoulder months (April and November) can also see rain in wet years.

This post was written by our very own Claudia Corona in Fall 2018

Today, we explore What is Brazil Famous for! Brazil, the largest country in South America (covering 47% of the continent!) is also one of the top tourist destinations in South America. The capital city is Brasilia and Portuguese is the official language of Brazil. The country covers 3 time zones, shares border with all South American countries except for Ecuador and Chile! Want to explore more fun facts about Brazil, things to do in Brazil, top destinations in Brazil, best times to visit Brazil and more? Let us explore other fascinating and intriguing facts about Brazil that will convince you to visit Brazil at least once in your lifetime. Ready to find out What is Brazil Famous For?

#1. Amazon Rainforest and Amazon River

First up on our list of What is Brazil famous for is the Amazon. You probably know that Amazon Rainforest is spread across 9 countries in South America. But did you know that more than half of it has its presence in Brazil? That is correct! Almost 60% of the Amazon Rainforest is in Brazil. Brazil is also home to the Amazon River, one of the mightiest rivers in the world. The best way to explore this massive jungle is through an Amazon River cruise, where you can spot pink dolphins and many of the thousands of fish species. It also that takes you through the dense forests, where you can spot many of the 10 million species that call the Amazon home!

#2. New 7 Wonders of the World: Christ the Redeemer

Brazil is home to a New 7 Wonders of the World: Christ the Redeemer Statue. Located at the summit of Mount Corcovado in Rio De Janeiro, it was completed in1931. This magnificent structure stands 98 feet tall, weighs about 635 tonnes and is the largest Art Deco-style sculpture in the world!

#3. Caipirinhas

Brazil’s national cocktail ― the Caipirinha ― might be just what you are looking for! if you are bored with the regular Mojitos or Margaritas, try this simple cocktail made of cachaça, lime and sugar. It is just as refreshing as it sounds and certainly very delicious. Here is an easy and quick recipe that will help you make the best Caipirinhas in the world!

#4. Carnival

Of course Carnival would be on a list titled What is Brazil Famous for!!! Brazil’s Carnival is the most famous celebrated carnival festival in the world. Witness lively Samba dance performances, a variety of food, beverages, colorful costumes and an extremely lively atmosphere. Carnival originally began in the 1830s as a Portuguese tradition of celebrating Lent. Lent is the 46-day period observed in preparation for Easter. With time, street musicians and dancing were introduced. More than 300 bands and 100 parades take part in Rio’s Carnival.

#5. Soccer

Next up on our list of What is Brazil Famous For is Football. Soccer is the most popular sport in Brazil with the National Team consistently among the best in the world. They have won the World Cup 5 times! Brazil is famous for some huge soccer stars, namely Pele, Ronaldo, and Ronaldinho. Football is like passion for Brazilians, who often refer to their country as “o País do Futebol” (“the country of football”). Why not add a soccer game to your dream Brazil tour? It will make for the ultimate Brazil tour experience!

#6. Impressive Architecture and UNESCO World Heritage Sites

Known for its impressive and astounding Architecture, and mesmerizing natural wonders, Brazil has more than 15 UNESCO recognized World Heritage Culture Sites and more than 5 UNESCO recognized World Heritage Nature Sites. These gems are must-see UNESCO Sites in Brazil: Cultural: Brasilia, Historic Centre of Salvador de Bahia, Historic Centre of São Luís, Historic Centre of the Town of Diamantina, Historic Centre of the Town of Goiás, Historic Centre of the Town of Olinda, Historic Town of Ouro Preto and many more! Natural: Iguaçu National Park, Pantanal Conservation Area, Atlantic Forest South-East Reserves and more. But wait! Here are some more things in our life of What is Brazil Famous For?

#7. Gorgeous Coastlines and Beaches

No list titled What is Brazil Famous for would be complete without beautiful beaches! If you are looking to experience exotic beach location, Brazil is a great destination. It is said that Brazil has the largest coastline in the world at 4,655 miles. It is also said to have some of the most gorgeous and best beaches in the world. Brazilians take pride in the country’s beach culture. Surfers head to Arpoador Beach in Rio, while Baia do Sancho in Fernando de Noronha is famous for its beauty. Cacimba do Padre in Fernando de Noronha gets the most sun, while Copacabana Beach in Rio is famous for partying and having fun. Ipanema Beach in Rio is another top beaches to visit in Brazil. These are just a few out of the hundreds of exotic beaches in Brazil!

#8. Colorful Cities

Next up on our list of What is Brazil Famous for are the rich and beautiful cities. Brazil has hundreds of towns and cities for travelers to visit and enjoy, and across the country, you can find a huge variety in terms of culture, scenery, and attractions. Here are the must-see cities in Brazil: Rio de Janeiro: Rio has truly got it all. Wonderful beaches, scenery, a variety of attractions, and a bustling metropolis that includes great shopping, dining and entertainment make Rio a destination not to miss while in Brazil. Sao Paulo: This city is the ultimate urban vacation destination. Skyscrapers with observation decks, museums, parks, the largest zoo in Brazil, and one the largest aquariums are just a few of the attractions here in Sao Paulo. Recife: Offering abundance of attractive beaches and colonial architecture with historic flair, Recife is a perfect spot to experience the culture. The nearby town of Olinda is the best place to see colorful colonial architecture and cultural livelihood of the area. Paraty: Located on the Green Coast, Paraty is surrounded by mountains and coastline. Gold was once funneled from the mining regions of inland Brazil through Paraty. Evidence of the city’s historical past stands today in the form of beautiful colonial architecture and cobblestone streets. Salvador: a port city strategically located on a peninsula of the northeast coast boasts its vibrant Afro-Brazilian culture. Salvador is famous for fun-loving outdoor parties and the world’s largest Carnival.

#9. Samba

Next up on our list of What is Brazil Famous for is… Samba! While Brazil’s most popular sport, its national rhythm is Samba. Samba is essentially a vast array of dance and music styles with complex lineage. It includes everything from partnered dance styles through to the individually-danced intricate footwork and rapid hip movements.

#10. National Parks

Last up on our list of What is Brazil Famous for is National Parks! Brazil is the most bio-diverse nation on the planet, having an amazing variety of plants and animals. The vast national parks system in Brazil provides the best places to explore its natural beauty.  Brazil is home to 69 national parks, featuring impressive rock formations, massive mountain ranges, incredible waterfalls and more. Amongst all the parks, Tijuca National Park is the most visited, with about 2 million visitors a year, followed by the Iguaçu National Park, with 1.5 million visitors a year. Other famous parks amongst tourists are Chapada Diamantina, Pantanal National Park and Itatiara National Park.

That is not all!

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The Mysterious Band of Holes in Peru

The Band of Holes, about 5,500 man-sized holes can be found while on a trip to Peru‘s Pisco Valley on the Nazca Plateau. Also known as Monte Sierpe or Cerro Viruela, the local people & Archeologists have no idea about how these holes were formed. Read now to explore facts, timeline, and more information about the famous Band of Holes.

Theories behind the Band of Holes

While experts have given a few theories behind the formation of Band of Holes Peru, it is still not clear as to why exactly they exist. Over the years,  it has been suggested that these mysterious holes were graves, war defensive positions, storage places, or even that they are of extraterrestrial origin. Recently they have been thought of as storage pits built during the time of the Inca Empire from 1438 to 1533.

Band of Holes Facts

There is no real reasoning for the design of the holes. The holes are almost 1 meter in diameter and range between the depth of 50-100 cm. Their width ranges from 14-21 meters. Starting at the edge of a valley and continuing up a hill for 1 mile, the band of holes extends in a north-south orientation over a very uneven rocky surface.

Band of Holes Timeline

• In 1933, Band of Holes was first brought to the light by an aviator named Robert Shippee who published a photograph in National Geographic.
• Victor Wolfgang von Hagen inspected the site in 1953. He described the holes as pre-Inca graves,
• in his book The Royal Road of the Inca, thus compounding the mystery.
• Frederic Engel and Dwight Wallace visited the site in the ’70s. In his book The Inca Road System, John Hyslop writes “They are between two important Inca sites, and very near the point where the Inca coastal road crosses the road to the highlands. They might be one of the empire’s larger storage sites.”
• In 2015, Archaeologists from UCLA made a visit to the site. They used drones to create a very detailed map of the holes. They speculate that the holes may have been a method of measuring Incan produce.

The archaeologists plan on doing further investigations by taking soil and rock samples from the Band of Holes site. They will also be studying if the band of holes has any relationship to the Nazca lines. There is still no answer as to what these holes exactly are and why they formed. The Incan’s were excellent engineers and Masons as proven by Machu Picchu and now this mysterious discovery!

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Everything You Need to Know About Pachacuti

Pachacuti is the Founder of the modern Incan Empire. Today, let’s explore who is Pachacuti, how did the Inca empire start, the history and where the Inca empire is, and see all the best Inca Ruins tours. SouthAmerica.travel, the world’s leading Inca Ruins tour provider!

Who is Pachacuti?

Pachacuti Inca Yupanqui, Pachakutiq Inka Yupanki, or just Pachacuti is the founder of the modern Inca Empire. He was born in Cusco, Peru in 1438 and died in Cusco in 1471. Pachacuti reigned over the Inca Empire from 1438-1472 as the ninth Sapa Inca of the Kingdom of Cusco, which he later made into the Inca Empire. His parents were named Viracocha Inca & Mama Runtucaya and he is classified as part of the Hanan dynasty of Peru. Pachacuti was truly the first Inca ruler and one of the greatest Inca of all-time.

What does the word Pachacuti mean?

Pachacuti means “He who remakes the world”. How appropriate is that!

Where was the Inca Empire?

The Inca Empire that Pachacuti rule was named Tawantinsuyu. The center of the empire was his home in Cusco. However, as you can see the empire stretched from Northern Ecuador and modern Quito, all through western Peru into the Peruvian Andes, into Bolivia surrounding Lake Titicaca, and expanded through Northern Chile and Argentina into the Atacama desert.

What is Pachacuti so famous?

Pachacuti is most famous for designing the modern Inca empire, including many of its most famous sites. The most famous of these sites include Machu Picchu, Saksaywaman, and Qurikancha. Building these sites was incredibly important because the rapid expansion and fortification of the Inca empire is a huge contributing factor to what makes the Inca Empire so great. Yes, Cusco is the heart of the Inca civilization.

However, if you look around you can find absolutely breathtaking ancient ruins sprawled through much of western South America. As a central figure in the rise of the Inca Kingdom, Pachacuti created legends, myths, and stories around his experiences, teaching, and life, and through these stories and writing, we are able to put together a timeline of his experiences.

He truly rose to power on his own, built an empire, government, Machu Picchu, and modernized Cusco and much of the rest of Peru all through his vision and direction. Again, most famously, he is credited with ordering the building of Machu Picchu high in the Andes mountains of Peru.

It is still unknown whether the ruins of Machu Picchu ruins were there because they were a sacred prayer ground for kings, a secret hiding place, or a fortress to fight from. Either way, Machu Picchu was founded in roughly 1450 and then abandoned following the death of its founder, Pachacuti.

Where can I see his work in Peru?

His work is evident across all the Inca ruins. Whether you are in Cusco, the Sacred Valley, trekking on an Inca Trail Tour, or exploring Machu Picchu. When in Cusco, visit the Museo Inka to learn all about the Inka empire and his legacy!

Contact a Peru Travel Expert

When planning your Machu Picchu tour, remember to tell your Travel Consultant that you want to learn and see things related to Pachucuti. They will design an extra special trip to check out all the best of his legacy and empire. They can even guide you in getting some background and doing some reading about him before your journey so you are ready to expand your horizon and knowledge on your trip to Peru.

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The History of the Cave of the Hands

On a trip to Argentina, you must visit the Cave of the Hands. The Cave of the Hands is an Argentina Unesco World Heritage Site and impressive archaeological wonder in the Santa Cruz Province of Argentina. The interior of the cave is detailed with unique rock art dating back to 7370 BC. It is believed that cave dwellers, who may have been the ancestors of the historic hunter-gatherer communities of Patagonia, stenciled imagery onto the walls.

Within the near-vertical walls, you can find imprints of human hands, drawings of guanacos (an animal related to the camel), depictions of hunting scenes, geometric shapes, and more. These images are easy to spot, as there are as many as 800 drawings on the walls of this cave, with over 90% of the images being hands. Interesting enough, most of the handprints are of left hands, indicating that the artists were probably stenciling and spraying paint with their right hands.

When was the Cave of the Hands discovered?

It is difficult to say exactly when the Cave of the Hands was discovered. First seen by a monk in 1941, the cave was further explored by researcher Rex Gonzalez in 1949. Although it wasn’t until the late 1960s that archeologists began to study the site in detail. One researcher whose contribution was mentioned by UNESCO was Carlos J. Gradin.

Why was the Cave of the Hands made?

We don’t know for certain why the Cave of the Hands was made, but its presence is quite significant to archaeological research. The artistic compositions represent original evidence about the Patagonian hunters’ behavior and hunting techniques. The scenes depicted here have been a focus for archaeologists for more than 25 years, as they share a snapshot of the culture of the earliest human societies in South America.

How were the handprints made?

The art is said to be hand stenciled using bone-made pipes to help define the silhouettes.

Where is the Cave of the Hands?

The Cave of the Hands is nestled in the valley of the Pinturas River, a remote spot of Argentine Patagonia. Its location is so remote that you can only access the cave via long gravel dirt roads. This makes the journey a bit difficult. However, it is incredibly worth it, as you are lead to some of the earliest known forms of human art! This is perfect for any Argentina adventure traveler.

When to visit the Cave of the Hands

The cave can be visited year-round due to Argentina’s agreeable and temperate weather. However, some treks around the area may be inaccessible depending on when you choose to visit.

December to February is Argentina’s summer season and is full of tourists. Therefore, we recommend that travelers head to Las Cueva de las Manos anytime from September to February, which includes part of the spring season. During the spring season, the weather is a bit cooler and there are fewer tourist crowds!

If you visit during February you will be able to see the Cueva de las Manos Festival (started in 1979), which is quite the spectacle. Initially, the festival name was “Coiron Festival” but then “Cueva de las Manos” was chosen to honor the archaeological site that is very close to the city.

Note: If you want to visit during the months of September to November (spring season), make sure that there are local accommodations open. Travel Consultants can help you determine what accommodations are available and are a great resource to use when planning to visit a remote location!

How to get to the Cave of the Hands

The Cave of the Hands is in Francisco P. Moreno National Park in Southern Patagonia. If you’re familiar with the location of Perito Moreno, Las Cueva de las Manos is approximately 100 miles south of Perito Moreno, a trip that takes 3.5 hours.

We suggest organizing this excursion with a travel agent so that as you arrive you can learn about the history of the caves from an experienced guide. Once you’ve figured out how you will get there, you can set up some extra excursions around the area such as horseback riding or 4×4 jeep expeditions.

Cave of the Hands Facts

Looking for some more information on the Cave of the Hands? Check out some of our favorite fun facts below!

• One of the sides of the cave has collapsed making it so the cave is open. This means you won’t experience claustrophobia!
• There are two roads to reach the cave. Both roads are unpaved.
• There are plenty of guanaco and ostrich sighting opportunities!
• Hiking routes to the caves are available during specific times of the year.
• English-speaking guides are available at Las Cueva de las Manos!
• Don’t worry about not being able to see the paintings; they are clearly visible on the walls of the canyon.
• Thinking about the Cave of Hands for kids? It’s a perfect spot to bring your kids! They can learn a bit about Patagonian history as they admire the colorful paintings.

Hotels Near the Cave of the Hands

Stay at Estancia Cueva de las Manos! This is arguably one of the best places to stay when visiting the Cave of the Hands. The minimalist ambiance of the estancia is part of its charm. You won’t find TVs or telephones here.

Instead, you’ll have a staff that does everything to make its guests feel at home. The best part? The estancia is very close and excursions are plentiful.

Excursions to Add to Your Trip From the Cave of the Hands

Easily accessible from El Calafate, a trip to the Cave of the Hands can easily be combined with a tour of Perito Moreno Glacier in Los Glaciares National Park. Plenty of local guides are able to arrange a day trip to the Cave of the Hands from the Perito Moreno Glacier.

Ready to explore some fun facts about Machu Picchu? Let’s Go! Nestled between the Peruvian Andes and the Amazon Basin, is the mighty Machu Picchu. It’s dramatic setting not only flaunts its mysterious beauty but also keeps the legacy of the Incan civilization alive. Set high above sea level, Machu Picchu is a traveler’s dream destination. Tourists who take a trip to Machu Picchu say it was a once-in-a-lifetime experience.

For those who haven’t acquired much Machu Picchu information, or simply want to learn some fun facts about Machu Picchu, this blog will help you better understand what makes this archaeological wonder so special. Find out who built Machu Picchu, when Machu Picchu was built, why Machu Picchu is so important, and more. You’ll realize why this ancient site continues to be the highlight of any Peruvian adventure. Read below to discover 20 Machu Picchu fun facts!

1. Where is Machu Picchu?

Machu Picchu is high in the cloud forest on the edge of the Peruvian Amazon. Its mountainous terrain is comfortably above the Urubamba River and is only about 50 miles northwest of Cusco – what was once the capital of the Inca Empire.

2. How high is Machu Picchu?

Machu Picchu is located more than 7,000 ft (2,430 meters) above sea level!

3. Is Machu Picchu a UNESCO World Heritage Site?

In 1983, Machu Picchu became a UNESCO World Heritage Site. And since 2007, Machu Picchu has been recognized as “One of the New Seven Wonders of the World.”

4. What does Machu Picchu mean?

Machu Picchu means “Old Peak” in the native Quechua language. The name is fitting because Machu Picchu is said to be built in the 14th century – sometime around 1450.

5. How are the ruins scattered?

The ruins are spread across a 5-mile distance. More than 3,000 stone steps link its many different levels and there are about 150 buildings ranging from baths and houses to temples and sanctuaries!

6. There is more to Machu Picchu, underground!

Archeologists suggest that 60% of the construction was underground, indicated by deep building foundations and crushed rock for drainage.

7. The stones used for the city are heavy

The stones in the structures weighed approximately 50 pounds, and no wheels were used to transport these rocks up to the mountain!

8. Machu Picchu was one of Peru’s best-kept secrets

The site was once one of Peru’s best-kept secrets. It was only until 1911 when an American archaeologist named Hiram Bingham discovered Machu Picchu. Up until then, only people living in the region knew about Machu Picchu.

9. Are there books about Machu Picchu?

After his discovery, Bingham wrote a book called “The Lost City of the Incas” based on his findings. His book was a hit and spread like wildfire across the world. In time, the beauty of Machu Picchu described by Bingham began to inspire travelers to explore the site via the famous Inca Trail.

10. There’s a special technique to its structure

The stone structures were built with a technique called Ashlar (stones that are cut to fit together without the help of mortar). The terraced fields and the irrigation system of the site are a true testimony to the Incan masons.

11. When was Machu Picchu built?

Many theories exist about the purpose of Machu Picchu. Some believe that Machu Picchu served as a royal estate for Incan emperors while others believe that it was a religious and sacred site. Other theories suggest it was an ancient trade center while others say it was used as a prison. Which theory do you believe?

12. There were farming zones at Machu Picchu

Next up on our list of Machu Picchu Facts is…Archaeologists suggest that the ruins comprise various sections such as a farming zone, a residential area, a royal district, and a sacred area.

13. The Inca’s used a solar clock

The Temple of the Sun and the Intihuatana stone (a sculpted granite rock) functioned as a “solar clock” or calendar for the empire.

14. You can’t find your shadow here

During the two equinoxes, the sun stands directly above the Intihuatana stone, resulting in no shadow. The four sides of the Intihuatana stone represent the 4 directions (North, South, East, and West). It was used as a sundial or as an astrological stone back then.

15. Why did the Inca’s leave Machu Picchu?

The reason for the abandonment of Machu Picchu is still unknown, but the lack of water or an epidemic may have been key factors. However, there are no signs of intervention by the Spanish or German Empire.

16. Machu Picchu artifacts were collected

There was a long dispute between Yale and the Peruvian Government over the artifacts collected by Bingham during his expedition.

17. Machu Picchu survived the Spanish conquest

Most cities built by the Inca civilization were destroyed by the Spanish conquest. Why did Machu Picchu survive? Because of its extraordinary height! The mighty mountain and its stone structures were invisible to the Spanish and hence not destroyed.

18. Machu Picchu survived an earthquake

Machu Picchu is an earthquake survivor! The architecture is so strong that it has survived numerous earthquakes ever since its creation. Peru is an earthquake-prone country.

19. 30% of Machu Picchu has been reconstructed

Over 30% of Machu Picchu has been reconstructed since its rediscovery. ** We didn’t even know this Machu Picchu Fact until we wrote this article.

20. There are still new discoveries to be found

There are many things still to discover! Due to the climatic and geographical conditions such as elevation, fog, and rain, not everything has been discovered. Watch out for a new discovery on your trip to Machu Picchu!

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What is Colombia Famous for?

A long time ago, Colombia was not a top destination for tourists. However, those days are now long gone. The country of Colombia is emerging and trending as a top tourist destination in South America… and it is easy to see why! From the Caribbean’s mesmerizing beaches to the mighty Andes Mountains, to the mystical Amazon Rainforest to historic, colonial cities, Colombia is now on every traveler’s bucket list. There are endless places to see and things to do in Colombia. Follow along with us, as we discuss the question: What is Colombia Famous for? Discover fun facts about Colombia, the top activities to do in Colombia, the must-visit places in Colombia and more!

Here we go!

First up on the list of What is Colombia Famous for is…

Colombia Coffee & The Valley de Cocora

Are you a coffee lover? If yes, Colombia is your dream destination! Located in the heart of the Andean Range is Colombia’s fertile coffee triangle. This region is famous for producing some of the world’s most delicious espresso. Ideal weather conditions and its geographical location have a strong hand in why world-famous coffee is produced here. What’s in it for tourists? Visit this region for an unforgettable experience where you can tour the farms, taste an assortment of coffee beans, learn how coffee is produced and admire the beautiful Andean Ranges. After exploring Colombia coffee in-depth, go horseback riding or hiking in the Cocora Valley for some of the best views of the sprawling terrain. Don’t forget to spot the tall palm trees, also known as Colombia’s National tree! We also HIGHLY recommend a Colombian Coffee Tour if you are in the area. This is a once-in-a-lifetime chance to sample some of the best coffee in the entire world!

Next up, Emeralds

Looking for some new jewelry? We’ve got news for you! Colombia is famous for the mines of Muzo, Chivor, and Coscuez located in the Andes Mountains. This region produces the world’s finest Emeralds. In fact, about 70-90% of the Emeralds in the world come from Colombia! These stones are so pure and beautiful that they are amongst the highest priced. Head to Colombia and tour the emerald mines. Witness the world best emeralds, learn how emerald is extracted, and get a better understanding of the Colombian emerald mining business.

Colombian Art and Colombian Artists

The art and culture of Colombia have their roots associated with the 16th-century conquest by Spain. Since then, the art and culture in Colombia have transitioned from traditional to more freestyle and contemporary. Art is infused in every city of the country, especially the old neighborhoods. The museums have excellent collections of ancient art, where one can see how it all began and how it transitioned. Bambuco, Porro, and Mapale are traditional dance forms in Colombia. The Merengue and Salsa might be the most popular dance forms, however, they did not truly originate in Colombia. Did you know that Colombia is famous for its very talented and famous artists, who are renowned worldwide? Some of them are Shakira, Fernando Botero Angulo, Juanes, Maluma, and many, many more! Don’t overlook Colombia’s Art Scene! Go for a culture tour around Colombia!

Colombian Sports

The people of Colombia enjoy all kind of sports, but Colombia is most famous for futball (soccer). Futball is more like a culture or festival rather than just a sport. When the team is playing, every Colombian is watching and cheering. It is quite a sight on game day! Juan Pablo Montoya, Nairo Quintana, Mariana Pajón and Edgar Rentería are a few world-famous Colombian athletes. If you are looking for a thrilling adventure, Colombia offers a lot for all types of athletes to test their skills. You can do activities like rafting, paragliding, mountain biking, kayaking, surfing, trekking and a lot more! If you’re more of a spectator than a player, get tickets to one of Colombia’s soccer matches!

Diversity of Flora and Fauna

Colombia is famous for its rich biodiversity. In fact, it is considered to be one of the most biodiverse countries in the world! As National Geographic says, Colombia is “home to 10% of the world’s flora and fauna species, this nation is blossoming into the world’s next ecotourism hotspot.” Here are some facts:

• Colombia ranks #1 in bird and orchid species diversity
• It also ranks #2 in plants, butterflies, freshwater fishes and amphibians
• Colombia has an amazing 314 types of ecosystems
• Lastly, Colombia is home to 1,879 species of birds

What’s in it for tourists? Embark on a Wildlife Colombia Tour! Keep your camera ready, always! Spot as many varieties of plants and animals you can.

Up next on the list of What is Colombia Famous for is…..

Colombian Food!

Colombia is famous for its rich and flavorful food. Each region of the country has its own specialty when it comes to cuisine. Made with exotic spices and indigenous ingredients, Colombia’s traditional dishes will definitely satisfy your taste buds like never before. A typical dish is made up of beans, rice, potatoes, meats and local spices. When in Colombia, you must try their traditional food, or your trip is incomplete! What’s in it for tourists? Here is a list of MUST try foods, when in Colombia! Let us know which dish you liked the best!

Hold up, read on to find What Colombia is really famous for!

Colombia’s AMAZING National Parks

Now that we know that Colombia is mega-diverse and it is safe to assume that the country has an abundance of AMAZING National Parks and protected areas. Yes, Colombia is a haven for National Park Enthusiasts! The country features 58 protected areas and National Parks that include coral reefs, deserts, Amazon rainforest, the Andes mountain ranges, indigenous protected lands, ancient ruins and a lot more! Confused which National Park to visit? We got you covered! Here is a list of 5 MUST see National Parks in Colombia. What’s in it for tourists? Stay in Tayrona National Park in Northern Colombia, where you can relax on the white-sand beaches off the Caribbean coast.

Romanic and Beautiful Cartagena

Colombia is famous for the UNESCO World Heritage Site, the port city of Cartagena. Venture down by the sea where you will find Old Town, which dates back to the 16th-century. In this area, you can walk on charming cobblestone streets and gaze at colorful colonial buildings. You’ll soon understand why Cartagena is undoubtedly one of the most historic cities of Colombia, flaunting its vibrantly painted historic buildings and pristine beaches. What’s in it for tourists?  Sign up for Segway tour of the city, indulge in authentic Colombian cuisine, walk past flowering balconies and through pleasant plazas, visit historic museums and relax on the shores of beautiful beaches. Cartagena is a destination that should be on every traveler’s bucket list. If you’re looking for more, here is a list of things to do when in Cartagena.  

Breathtakingly Beautiful Medellín

Colombia is famous for Medellín, also known as the “City Of Eternal Spring”. Situated in a beautiful valley, Medellín is surrounded by beautiful mountains. The spring-like temperatures not only support the blossoming of gorgeous flowers but also attract thousands of tourists. Another reason why Medellín is famous is because of it’s fun and incredible nightlife. The only question now is, when are you going to Medellin? What’s in it for tourists? Medellín is a big city and has a LOT to offer for every kind of traveler. For more information, here is a list of things to do in Medellín

Booming Bogotá

Colombia is famous for Bogotá, a city with a perfect blend of historic remnants and modern-day spectacles. This capital of Colombia is also one of the highest altitude cities in South America sitting at 2,600 meters above sea level. Often referred to as the beating heart of Colombia, this city is incredibly diverse and beautiful. What’s in it for tourists? In this high altitude, sprawling, and historic capital city, you will find so much to do! Famous museums, street art, markets, great food, beautiful settings, Bogotá has got it all. For more information, check out this list.

Caño Cristales – The River of 5 Colors

Known as the most beautiful river in Colombia or the River of 5 Colors, Caño Cristales is located inside the National Park, La Macarena. Truly an extraordinary creation of nature, this river is often called “Liquid Rainbow” as it contains yellow, green, blue, black and red colored rocks and plants. What’s in it for tourists? Trek along the liquid rainbow to see the spectacular waterfalls and natural pools. Take pictures, swim, and enjoy the astonishing views of this paradisiacal place.

Last up on our list of What is Colombia Famous for is…

(Drum Roll Please)

San Andres and Providencia – Home of Colombia’s Incredible Beaches

How could we forget about Colombia’s beaches and islands? Located in the Caribbean, are these treasures called San Andres and Providencia islands. Just a two-hour flight away from Colombia, these island paradises offer a spectacular scenario for relaxation. San Andres boasts perfect weather throughout the year, and its lush vegetation makes this place one of the “must see” Colombia beaches. Here is a list of other must-see beaches in Colombia. What is in for tourists? San Andres and Providencia is the ideal island for scuba divers seeking to explore the coral reefs. Go snorkeling in the crystal clear waters, relax on the beach and enjoy spectacular seafood dishes. Here is a list of things to do! Now you can seamlessly craft your dream trip to South America. Learn How.

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What is Bolivia Famous for?

Nestled between Peru, Brazil, Argentina, and Chile, Bolivia is a country with endless beauty and charm. Beyond salt flats, Bolivia is abundant in sites that are sure to win your heart. Fun to travel around and lots of things to do, this South American country has tons to offer every kind of traveler. After reading this blog, Bolivia should be on your list of countries to visit at least once in your lifetime. If you truly want to explore the best of Bolivia, come uncover the other less known tourist attractions of the country with us as we reveal what is Bolivia famous for. Featured on this list of the things Bolivia is known for are facts about Bolivia, Bolivia facts, famous sites in Bolivia, things to do in Bolivia, Bolivia information, and everything in between.

Ready…Set…Let’s Go!!

#8: Potosi

Travel Tips: Take a tour of the mines while you’re here. Visit the Mint Museum and other colonial highlights.

#7: Sucre

Travel Tips: Take some Spanish Lessons in Sucre. Visit Plaza 25 de Mayo, the main square. Visit Cretaceous Park and view dinosaur footprints. There are so many more places to see in Sucre, here is a list.

#6: Death Road (Los Yungas Road)

Travel Tips: Always go with a group on this road, and do not speed! Drive with extreme caution. Consider the new highway from La Paz to Coroico as an alternative if you think this will be too scary for you. To note also is that only bikes are allowed on Yungas Road now. All other vehicles have to take the highway.

Hold up!

There are still 5 more ABSOLUTELY AMAZING things left on our list of What is Bolivia Famous for!

Next up…

#5: Bolivia National Parks

Travel Tips:  If you are a National Park geek and are itching to explore more, Bolivia has many more National Parks. Amboro National Park, Noel Kempff National Park, Kaa Iya National Park and Torotoro National Park are our other top recommendations.

#4: Colorful Lagoons

Enroute to Salar De Uyuni, you will witness many beautiful sceneries and landmarks such as geysers, volcanoes, and wildlife. Our favorites are the beautiful and colorful lagoons, contrasting the never-ending white landscape of salt.

Travel Tips: Don’t forget to explore Geisers Sol de Maňana (Geysers), Dieserto de Dalí (Desert) and Termas de Polques (Hot Springs) onto this trip!

#3: La Paz

Travel Tips: Take a trip to the Moon Valley, browse selections at Witches Market, explore Plaza San Francisco, head to Tupac Katari Mirador for the best city views, stroll the Calle Jaen-a colonial streets and visit the popular museums.

#2: Lake Titicaca

Travel Tips: Cruise on the lake on a local boat the people refer to as “Mercedes”! Points of interest on the Bolivian side of the lake are Isla del Sol and Isla de la Luna, island sites of well-preserved ruins.

Last up on our list of What is Bolivia Famous for is…

#1: Salar De Uyuni

Travel Tips: Stay in the first Salt Hotel in the World, made entirely from salt! To add more adventure to your trip, add an off-road vehicle tour of Salar De Uyuni that will truly take you road tripping! Do not forget to shoot some fun perspective pictures!

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Whale Watching in Peninsula Valdes, Argentina

Travel Consultant, Sean McBride, recently went on a trip to the Peninsula Valdes Argentina in search of the southern right whale. Follow Sean’s journey along the coast of Argentina and find out if he saw these majestic whales.

Tourist season in Peninsula Valdes (Puerto Madryn) ultimately coincides with the migratory patterns of the southern right whale.  Years ago, the mammal’s curious nature made them the “right” whale to hunt.  By offering themselves to the marauding fleets, the unfortunate whales offered high rewards with minimal risk for those hoping to strike riches in the unforgiving southern oceans. Characteristics that once led to the near extinction of these gentle giants now contribute to their livelihood as the focus has shifted from exploitation to admiration. With the southern right whale population increasing by about 7% every year, now is the best time to see the 2000+ whales migrating to the waters of Golfo Nuevo. 

My journey to Puerto Madryn began in July. I decided to join a group of scuba divers that planned to dive into the whale-filled waters of Golfo Nuevo in August. Being somewhat of a whale enthusiast, the allure of sharing the ocean with a modern-day aquatic dinosaur proved too perfect. After completing my open water diving course in Buenos Aires, I was ready for my journey to the frigid winter waters of Patagonia.

Getting to Peninsula Valdes

The starting point for any visit to Peninsula Valdes Argentina starts in the city of Puerto Madryn.  The Trelew airport services Puerto Madryn and is a short 2-hour flight from Buenos Aires. Upon takeoff, I watched as the lush greens of the Pampas gave way to the arid brown scrub of Patagonia.  And as we neared Peninsula Valdes, I was shocked to see the size of the peninsula as it juts out into the Southern Atlantic. Surrounded by pristine waters and the promise of mega-fauna, my squinting eyes scanned the waters with unrealistic optimism for the dark shadows that might indicate the presence of a southern right whale.

I waltzed through the small regional airport of Trelew with minimal fuss and traveled by ”Combi” Mini-bus to Puerto Madryn about 50 minutes north. Now a UNESCO World Heritage Site, the town of Puerto Madryn sits on the westernmost reaches of Golfo Nuevo with a beach that stretches north toward Peninsula Valdes. Very much aware of its assets, Puerto Madryn is heavily geared toward tourism with quality hotels in all categories and a variety of bars and restaurants that line the waterfront. 

View Tours >> Puerto Madryn

Wildlife in Peninsula Valdes

A mecca for wildlife with elephant seals, sea lions, penguins, dolphins, and seabirds all migrating to the region at different times of the year one can explore many highlights no matter when they visit.  For those visiting the area between late February and the end of April, you can observe orcas at the North Eastern end of Peninsula Valdes.

Whale Watching by Land vs. by Sea

Before arriving in Puerto Madryn, I had harbored concerns that catching sight of whales swimming within the enormity of the Golfo Nuevo might prove difficult. As soon as I arrived at the beach of Puerto Madryn, such fears were entirely quashed. I saw as many as ten whales at one point, all visible from the shoreline. I sat and enjoyed their acrobatic show of fluke slapping, breaching, and fin sailing. 

There are some whales watching tours to choose from, all of which leave from both Puerto Madryn and the Peninsula Valdes and range from 1 to 8 hours.  Multiple sightings are nearly guaranteed, and whales often swim alongside ships for a few minutes. Undoubtedly the crowning jewel of the region’s whale watching fleet is the Yellow Submarine. An engineering masterstroke, the Yellow Submarine, inverts the concept of a fishbowl by having a specially designed hull that extends downward into the water and allows passengers to observe whales through windows that run along the ship’s subaquatic sides. The upper deck will enable passengers to see whales by more traditional means; however, down below is where one can enjoy a truly unique and much more complete whale watching experience. 

A sophisticated and cultured predator, the orcas of the region, perform a hunting technique that is unique to only this small corner of the world. From the beach, visitors can observe the orcas darting from the surf onto the beach in dramatic bursts to snatch seals from the shoreline. This incredible display of cultured predation is not for the squeamish as attacks can be quite bloody and is a far cry from the traditional perception of the orca as being some sort of cuddly sea panda. None the less, this is an excellent opportunity for nature lovers lucky enough to witness something truly unique in the natural world.

After observing the whales from the vessel and shore, I started my diving excursion. I completed 4-dives over two days and was fortunate enough to swim through the hull of a wreck where I saw several sea lions.  Although I did not see a whale while I was diving, I still enjoyed the wildlife and pristine ocean.

Punto Tombo Penguin Colony

The Punta Tombo penguin colony is located south of Puerto Madryn. There are daily excursions to the colony, allowing visitors to observe the Magellanic Penguins up close in their natural habitat. While the physical attributes of the Magellanic penguin enable it to dart through the water with streamlined ease, their high center of gravity and tiny legs make walking on land adorably awkward. Watch the penguins waddle as they scurry across the stony shore amongst a raucous crowd of black and white. Tours are full-day with several more highlights along the way, including a visit to a Paleontological Museum.

Punta Lomo Seal Colony

A 20-minute ride south crisscrossing past Chubut Province takes you to the Punta Lomo Seal Colony. There is a vantage point above the cliff that overlooks the seal-filled beach where visitors can see the region’s permanent seal colonies. 

Read more >> Best Times to Visit Argentina. 

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Another one of South America’s hidden gems has become a UNESCO World Heritage Site. The Pampulha Modern Ensemble, designed by Oscar Niemeyer is now among UNESCO’s most recent additions to the World Heritage List, as both a World Heritage Site and cultural landscape.

History of Pampulha Modern Ensemble

In Belo Horizonte, the capital of Minas Gerais State, the Pampulha Modern Ensemble rests. Developed in 1940, when Oscar Niemeyer was 33 years old, the purpose of the design was to build a suburban neighborhood around the existing artificial lake. Today, it is a symbol of one of the first significant examples of modernism in Brazil. Read more >> Historic Tour to Belo Horizonte and Ouro Preto 

The Complex

The Pampulha complex includes four main buildings: a casino, a ballroom, a Yacht and a golf club, and a church. Each building brought something special to the community. The casino and the ballroom were used for many fun social engagements. The yacht and golf club offered guests exercise activities and sports, and the church provided guests with a religious atmosphere. Each building was designed by Niemeyer, with the help of other innovative artists. The ensemble reflects the unity of modern, 20th-century architecture with natural surroundings. The compound was intended to be seen as a symbol of Brazilian identity. Today, the four main buildings have changed slightly from their original purpose. The casino is now the Pampulha art museum, the ballroom is now the Center of Reference for Urbanism, Architecture and Design, and the yacht and golf club are now a tennis yacht club. The Church remains quite similar to its original state. Check out our Horizonte Historic Tour >> Recommended hotels in Belo Horizonte

Innovative Design

Each building represents some of the different design principles Niemeyer was so keen on using in his work. For example, his use of curved lines rather than straight and his use of reinforced concrete as a building material. Both of these were considered incredibly innovative at the time. Niemeyer’s use of incorporating 20th-century architecture remains a modern marvel. His combination of natural climate, local Brazilian traditions and sharp architecture transformed this compound into a visionary garden of futuristic design. 

Visit Now!

Many sites, cities, and centers in South America are declared UNESCO World Heritage status. Therefore, there is no better time to visit! Check out the Pampulha Modern Ensemble and Rio de Janeiro on your next trip to Brazil. After all, they have both made the list of UNESCO World Heritage Sites.  Read more >> Rio de Janeiro: Officially Listed as a UNESCO World Heritage Site